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Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

Theo Vos, Abraham D Flaxman, Mohsen Naghavi, Rafael Lozano, Catherine Michaud, Majid Ezzati, Kenji Shibuya, Joshua A Salomon, Safa Abdalla, Victor Aboyans, Jerry Abraham, Ilana Ackerman, Rakesh Aggarwal, Stephanie Y Ahn, Mohammed K Ali, Miriam Alvarado, H Ross Anderson, Laurie M Anderson, Kathryn G Andrews, Charles Atkinson, Larry M Baddour, Adil N Bahalim, Suzanne Barker-Collo, Lope H Barrero, David H Bartels, Maria-Gloria Basáñez, Amanda Baxter, Michelle L Bell, Emelia J Benjamin, Derrick Bennett, Eduardo Bernabé, Kavi Bhalla, Bishal Bhandari, Boris Bikbov, Aref Bin Abdulhak, Gretchen Birbeck, James A Black, Hannah Blencowe, Jed D Blore, Fiona Blyth, Ian Bolliger, Audrey Bonaventure, Soufiane Boufous, Rupert Bourne, Michel Boussinesq, Tasanee Braithwaite, Carol Brayne, Lisa Bridgett, Simon Brooker, Peter Brooks, Traolach S Brugha, Claire Bryan-Hancock, Chiara Bucello, Rachelle Buchbinder, Geoffrey Buckle, Christine M Budke, Michael Burch, Peter Burney, Roy Burstein, Bianca Calabria, Benjamin Campbell, Charles E Canter, Hélène Carabin, Jonathan Carapetis, Loreto Carmona, Claudia Cella, Fiona Charlson, Honglei Chen, Andrew Tai-Ann Cheng, David Chou, Sumeet S Chugh, Luc E Coffeng, Steven D Colan, Samantha Colquhoun, K Ellicott Colson, John Condon, Myles D Connor, Leslie T Cooper, Matthew Corriere, Monica Cortinovis, Karen Courville de Vaccaro, William Couser, Benjamin C Cowie, Michael H Criqui, Marita Cross, Kaustubh C Dabhadkar, Manu Dahiya, Nabila Dahodwala, James Damsere-Derry, Goodarz Danaei, Adrian Davis, Diego De Leo, Louisa Degenhardt, Robert Dellavalle, Allyne Delossantos, Julie Denenberg, Sarah Derrett, Don C Des Jarlais, Samath D Dharmaratne, Mukesh Dherani, Cesar Diaz-Torne, Helen Dolk, E Ray Dorsey, Tim Driscoll, Herbert Duber, Beth Ebel, Karen Edmond, Alexis Elbaz, Suad Eltahir Ali, Holly Erskine, Patricia J Erwin, Patricia Espindola, Stalin E Ewoigbokhan, Farshad Farzadfar, Valery Feigin, David T Felson, Alize Ferrari, Cleusa P Ferri, Eric M Fèvre, Mariel M Finucane, Seth Flaxman, Louise Flood, Kyle Foreman, Mohammad H Forouzanfar, Francis Gerry R Fowkes, Richard Franklin, Marlene Fransen, Michael K Freeman, Belinda Gabbe Orcid Logo, Sherine E Gabriel, Emmanuela Gakidou, Hammad A Ganatra, Bianca Garcia, Flavio Gaspari, Richard F Gillum, Gerhard Gmel, Richard Gosselin, Rebecca Grainger, Justina Groeger, Francis Guillemin, David Gunnell, Ramyani Gupta, Juanita Haagsma, Holly Hagan, Yara A Halasa, Wayne Hall, Diana Haring, Josep Maria Haro, James E Harrison, Rasmus Havmoeller, Roderick J Hay, Hideki Higashi, Catherine Hill, Bruno Hoen, Howard Hoffman, Peter J Hotez, Damian Hoy, John J Huang, Sydney E Ibeanusi, Kathryn H Jacobsen, Spencer L James, Deborah Jarvis, Rashmi Jasrasaria, Sudha Jayaraman, Nicole Johns, Jost B Jonas, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Nicholas Kassebaum, Norito Kawakami, Andre Keren, Jon-Paul Khoo, Charles H King, Lisa Marie Knowlton, Olive Kobusingye, Adofo Koranteng, Rita Krishnamurthi, Ratilal Lalloo, Laura L Laslett, Tim Lathlean, Janet L Leasher, Yong Yi Lee, James Leigh, Stephen S Lim, Elizabeth Limb, John Kent Lin, Michael Lipnick, Steven E Lipshultz, Wei Liu, Maria Loane, Summer Lockett Ohno, Ronan Lyons Orcid Logo, Ma Jixiang, Jacqueline Mabweijano, Michael F MacIntyre, Reza Malekzadeh, Leslie Mallinger, Sivabalan Manivannan, Wagner Marcenes, Lyn March, David J Margolis, Guy B Marks, Robin Marks, Akira Matsumori, Richard Matzopoulos, Bongani M Mayosi, John H McAnulty, Mary M McDermott, Neil McGill, John McGrath, Maria Elena Medina-Mora, Michele Meltzer, George A Mensah, Tony R Merriman, Ana-Claire Meyer, Valeria Miglioli, Matthew Miller, Ted R Miller, Philip B Mitchell, Ana Olga Mocumbi, Terrie E Moffitt, Ali A Mokdad, Lorenzo Monasta, Marcella Montico, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Andrew Moran, Lidia Morawska, Rintaro Mori, Michele E Murdoch, Michael K Mwaniki, Kovin Naidoo, M Nathan Nair, Luigi Naldi, KM Venkat Narayan, Paul K Nelson, Robert G Nelson, Michael C Nevitt, Charles R Newton, Sandra Nolte, Paul Norman, Rosana Norman, Martin O'Donnell, Simon O'Hanlon, Casey Olives, Saad B Omer, Katrina Ortblad, Richard Osborne, Doruk Ozgediz, Andrew Page, Bishnu Pahari, Jeyaraj Durai Pandian, Andrea Panozo Rivero, Scott B Patten, Neil Pearce, Rogelio Perez Padilla, Fernando Perez-Ruiz, Norberto Perico, Konrad Pesudovs, David Phillips, Michael R Phillips, Kelsey Pierce, Sébastien Pion, Guilherme V Polanczyk, Suzanne Polinder, C Arden Pope, Svetlana Popova, Esteban Porrini, Farshad Pourmalek, Martin Prince, Rachel L Pullan, Kapa D Ramaiah, Dharani Ranganathan, Homie Razavi, Mathilda Regan, Jürgen T Rehm, David B Rein, Guiseppe Remuzzi, Kathryn Richardson, Frederick P Rivara, Thomas Roberts, Carolyn Robinson, Felipe Rodriguez De Leòn, Luca Ronfani, Robin Room, Lisa C Rosenfeld, Lesley Rushton, Ralph L Sacco, Sukanta Saha, Uchechukwu Sampson, Lidia Sanchez-Riera, Ella Sanman, David C Schwebel, James Graham Scott, Maria Segui-Gomez, Saeid Shahraz, Donald S Shepard, Hwashin Shin, Rupak Shivakoti, David Singh, Gitanjali M Singh, Jasvinder A Singh, Jessica Singleton, David A Sleet, Karen Sliwa, Emma Smith, Jennifer L Smith, Nicolas JC Stapelberg, Andrew Steer, Timothy Steiner, Wilma A Stolk, Lars Jacob Stovner, Christopher Sudfeld, Sana Syed, Giorgio Tamburlini, Mohammad Tavakkoli, Hugh R Taylor, Jennifer A Taylor, William J Taylor, Bernadette Thomas, W Murray Thomson, George D Thurston, Imad M Tleyjeh, Marcello Tonelli, Jeffrey A Towbin, Thomas Truelsen, Miltiadis K Tsilimbaris, Clotilde Ubeda, Eduardo A Undurraga, Marieke J van der Werf, Os Jim van, Monica S Vavilala, N Venketasubramanian, Mengru Wang, Wenzhi Wang, Kerrianne Watt, David J Weatherall, Martin A Weinstock, Robert Weintraub, Marc G Weisskopf, Myrna M Weissman, Richard A White, Harvey Whiteford, Steven T Wiersma, James D Wilkinson, Hywel C Williams, Sean RM Williams, Emma Witt, Frederick Wolfe, Anthony D Woolf, Sarah Wulf, Pon-Hsiu Yeh, Anita KM Zaidi, Zhi-Jie Zheng, David Zonies, Alan D Lopez, Christopher JL Murray

The Lancet, Volume: 380, Issue: 9859, Pages: 2163 - 2196

Swansea University Authors: Belinda Gabbe Orcid Logo, Ronan Lyons Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2

Abstract

Background Non-fatal health outcomes from diseases and injuries are a crucial consideration in the promotion andmonitoring of individual and population health. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) studies done in 1990 and2000 have been the only studies to quantify non-fatal health outcomes across an e...

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Published in: The Lancet
ISSN: 0140-6736
Published: 2012
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa13938
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fullrecord <?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2015-12-08T11:03:39.4018291</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>13938</id><entry>2013-01-21</entry><title>Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990&#x2013;2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>4bdcc94332b2bd10530c5e71ceb04f14</sid><ORCID>0000-0001-7096-7688</ORCID><firstname>Belinda</firstname><surname>Gabbe</surname><name>Belinda Gabbe</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>83efcf2a9dfcf8b55586999d3d152ac6</sid><ORCID>0000-0001-5225-000X</ORCID><firstname>Ronan</firstname><surname>Lyons</surname><name>Ronan Lyons</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2013-01-21</date><deptcode>FGMHL</deptcode><abstract>Background Non-fatal health outcomes from diseases and injuries are a crucial consideration in the promotion andmonitoring of individual and population health. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) studies done in 1990 and2000 have been the only studies to quantify non-fatal health outcomes across an exhaustive set of disorders at theglobal and regional level. Neither eff ort quantifi ed uncertainty in prevalence or years lived with disability (YLDs).Methods Of the 291 diseases and injuries in the GBD cause list, 289 cause disability. For 1160 sequelae of the289 diseases and injuries, we undertook a systematic analysis of prevalence, incidence, remission, duration, andexcess mortality. Sources included published studies, case notifi cation, population-based cancer registries, otherdisease registries, antenatal clinic serosurveillance, hospital discharge data, ambulatory care data, household surveys,other surveys, and cohort studies. For most sequelae, we used a Bayesian meta-regression method, DisMod-MR, designed to address key limitations in descriptive epidemiological data, including missing data, inconsistency, andlarge methodological variation between data sources. For some disorders, we used natural history models, geospatialmodels, back-calculation models (models calculating incidence from population mortality rates and case fatality), orregistration completeness models (models adjusting for incomplete registration with health-system access and othercovariates). Disability weights for 220 unique health states were used to capture the severity of health loss. YLDs bycause at age, sex, country, and year levels were adjusted for comorbidity with simulation methods. We includeduncertainty estimates at all stages of the analysis.Findings Global prevalence for all ages combined in 2010 across the 1160 sequelae ranged from fewer than one case per1 million people to 350 000 cases per 1 million people. Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly correlated(correlation coeffi cient &#x2013;0&#xB7;37). In 2010, there were 777 million YLDs from all causes, up from 583 million in 1990. Themain contributors to global YLDs were mental and behavioural disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and diabetes orendocrine diseases. The leading specifi c causes of YLDs were much the same in 2010 as they were in 1990: low backpain, major depressive disorder, iron-defi ciency anaemia, neck pain, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, anxietydisorders, migraine, diabetes, and falls. Age-specifi c prevalence of YLDs increased with age in all regions and hasdecreased slightly from 1990 to 2010. Regional patterns of the leading causes of YLDs were more similar comparedwith years of life lost due to premature mortality. Neglected tropical diseases, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, andanaemia were important causes of YLDs in sub-Saharan Africa.Interpretation Rates of YLDs per 100 000 people have remained largely constant over time but rise steadily with age.Population growth and ageing have increased YLD numbers and crude rates over the past two decades. Prevalencesof the most common causes of YLDs, such as mental and behavioural disorders and musculoskeletal disorders, havenot decreased. Health systems will need to address the needs of the rising numbers of individuals with a range ofdisorders that largely cause disability but not mortality. Quantifi cation of the burden of non-fatal health outcomes willbe crucial to understand how well health systems are responding to these challenges. Effective and affordablestrategies to deal with this rising burden are an urgent priority for health systems in most parts of the world.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>The Lancet</journal><volume>380</volume><journalNumber>9859</journalNumber><paginationStart>2163</paginationStart><paginationEnd>2196</paginationEnd><publisher/><issnPrint>0140-6736</issnPrint><issnElectronic/><keywords/><publishedDay>15</publishedDay><publishedMonth>12</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2012</publishedYear><publishedDate>2012-12-15</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Medicine, Health and Life Science - Faculty</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>FGMHL</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2015-12-08T11:03:39.4018291</lastEdited><Created>2013-01-21T11:15:22.3978733</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">Swansea University Medical School - Medicine</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Theo</firstname><surname>Vos</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Abraham D</firstname><surname>Flaxman</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Mohsen</firstname><surname>Naghavi</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Rafael</firstname><surname>Lozano</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Catherine</firstname><surname>Michaud</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Majid</firstname><surname>Ezzati</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Kenji</firstname><surname>Shibuya</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Joshua A</firstname><surname>Salomon</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Safa</firstname><surname>Abdalla</surname><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>Victor</firstname><surname>Aboyans</surname><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>Jerry</firstname><surname>Abraham</surname><order>11</order></author><author><firstname>Ilana</firstname><surname>Ackerman</surname><order>12</order></author><author><firstname>Rakesh</firstname><surname>Aggarwal</surname><order>13</order></author><author><firstname>Stephanie Y</firstname><surname>Ahn</surname><order>14</order></author><author><firstname>Mohammed K</firstname><surname>Ali</surname><order>15</order></author><author><firstname>Miriam</firstname><surname>Alvarado</surname><order>16</order></author><author><firstname>H Ross</firstname><surname>Anderson</surname><order>17</order></author><author><firstname>Laurie M</firstname><surname>Anderson</surname><order>18</order></author><author><firstname>Kathryn G</firstname><surname>Andrews</surname><order>19</order></author><author><firstname>Charles</firstname><surname>Atkinson</surname><order>20</order></author><author><firstname>Larry M</firstname><surname>Baddour</surname><order>21</order></author><author><firstname>Adil N</firstname><surname>Bahalim</surname><order>22</order></author><author><firstname>Suzanne</firstname><surname>Barker-Collo</surname><order>23</order></author><author><firstname>Lope H</firstname><surname>Barrero</surname><order>24</order></author><author><firstname>David H</firstname><surname>Bartels</surname><order>25</order></author><author><firstname>Maria-Gloria</firstname><surname>Bas&#xE1;&#xF1;ez</surname><order>26</order></author><author><firstname>Amanda</firstname><surname>Baxter</surname><order>27</order></author><author><firstname>Michelle L</firstname><surname>Bell</surname><order>28</order></author><author><firstname>Emelia J</firstname><surname>Benjamin</surname><order>29</order></author><author><firstname>Derrick</firstname><surname>Bennett</surname><order>30</order></author><author><firstname>Eduardo</firstname><surname>Bernab&#xE9;</surname><order>31</order></author><author><firstname>Kavi</firstname><surname>Bhalla</surname><order>32</order></author><author><firstname>Bishal</firstname><surname>Bhandari</surname><order>33</order></author><author><firstname>Boris</firstname><surname>Bikbov</surname><order>34</order></author><author><firstname>Aref Bin</firstname><surname>Abdulhak</surname><order>35</order></author><author><firstname>Gretchen</firstname><surname>Birbeck</surname><order>36</order></author><author><firstname>James A</firstname><surname>Black</surname><order>37</order></author><author><firstname>Hannah</firstname><surname>Blencowe</surname><order>38</order></author><author><firstname>Jed 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spelling 2015-12-08T11:03:39.4018291 v2 13938 2013-01-21 Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 4bdcc94332b2bd10530c5e71ceb04f14 0000-0001-7096-7688 Belinda Gabbe Belinda Gabbe true false 83efcf2a9dfcf8b55586999d3d152ac6 0000-0001-5225-000X Ronan Lyons Ronan Lyons true false 2013-01-21 FGMHL Background Non-fatal health outcomes from diseases and injuries are a crucial consideration in the promotion andmonitoring of individual and population health. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) studies done in 1990 and2000 have been the only studies to quantify non-fatal health outcomes across an exhaustive set of disorders at theglobal and regional level. Neither eff ort quantifi ed uncertainty in prevalence or years lived with disability (YLDs).Methods Of the 291 diseases and injuries in the GBD cause list, 289 cause disability. For 1160 sequelae of the289 diseases and injuries, we undertook a systematic analysis of prevalence, incidence, remission, duration, andexcess mortality. Sources included published studies, case notifi cation, population-based cancer registries, otherdisease registries, antenatal clinic serosurveillance, hospital discharge data, ambulatory care data, household surveys,other surveys, and cohort studies. For most sequelae, we used a Bayesian meta-regression method, DisMod-MR, designed to address key limitations in descriptive epidemiological data, including missing data, inconsistency, andlarge methodological variation between data sources. For some disorders, we used natural history models, geospatialmodels, back-calculation models (models calculating incidence from population mortality rates and case fatality), orregistration completeness models (models adjusting for incomplete registration with health-system access and othercovariates). Disability weights for 220 unique health states were used to capture the severity of health loss. YLDs bycause at age, sex, country, and year levels were adjusted for comorbidity with simulation methods. We includeduncertainty estimates at all stages of the analysis.Findings Global prevalence for all ages combined in 2010 across the 1160 sequelae ranged from fewer than one case per1 million people to 350 000 cases per 1 million people. Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly correlated(correlation coeffi cient –0·37). In 2010, there were 777 million YLDs from all causes, up from 583 million in 1990. Themain contributors to global YLDs were mental and behavioural disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and diabetes orendocrine diseases. The leading specifi c causes of YLDs were much the same in 2010 as they were in 1990: low backpain, major depressive disorder, iron-defi ciency anaemia, neck pain, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, anxietydisorders, migraine, diabetes, and falls. Age-specifi c prevalence of YLDs increased with age in all regions and hasdecreased slightly from 1990 to 2010. Regional patterns of the leading causes of YLDs were more similar comparedwith years of life lost due to premature mortality. Neglected tropical diseases, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, andanaemia were important causes of YLDs in sub-Saharan Africa.Interpretation Rates of YLDs per 100 000 people have remained largely constant over time but rise steadily with age.Population growth and ageing have increased YLD numbers and crude rates over the past two decades. Prevalencesof the most common causes of YLDs, such as mental and behavioural disorders and musculoskeletal disorders, havenot decreased. Health systems will need to address the needs of the rising numbers of individuals with a range ofdisorders that largely cause disability but not mortality. Quantifi cation of the burden of non-fatal health outcomes willbe crucial to understand how well health systems are responding to these challenges. Effective and affordablestrategies to deal with this rising burden are an urgent priority for health systems in most parts of the world. Journal Article The Lancet 380 9859 2163 2196 0140-6736 15 12 2012 2012-12-15 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2 COLLEGE NANME Medicine, Health and Life Science - Faculty COLLEGE CODE FGMHL Swansea University 2015-12-08T11:03:39.4018291 2013-01-21T11:15:22.3978733 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Theo Vos 1 Abraham D Flaxman 2 Mohsen Naghavi 3 Rafael Lozano 4 Catherine Michaud 5 Majid Ezzati 6 Kenji Shibuya 7 Joshua A Salomon 8 Safa Abdalla 9 Victor Aboyans 10 Jerry Abraham 11 Ilana Ackerman 12 Rakesh Aggarwal 13 Stephanie Y Ahn 14 Mohammed K Ali 15 Miriam Alvarado 16 H Ross Anderson 17 Laurie M Anderson 18 Kathryn G Andrews 19 Charles Atkinson 20 Larry M Baddour 21 Adil N Bahalim 22 Suzanne Barker-Collo 23 Lope H Barrero 24 David H Bartels 25 Maria-Gloria Basáñez 26 Amanda Baxter 27 Michelle L Bell 28 Emelia J Benjamin 29 Derrick Bennett 30 Eduardo Bernabé 31 Kavi Bhalla 32 Bishal Bhandari 33 Boris Bikbov 34 Aref Bin Abdulhak 35 Gretchen Birbeck 36 James A Black 37 Hannah Blencowe 38 Jed D Blore 39 Fiona Blyth 40 Ian Bolliger 41 Audrey Bonaventure 42 Soufiane Boufous 43 Rupert Bourne 44 Michel Boussinesq 45 Tasanee Braithwaite 46 Carol Brayne 47 Lisa Bridgett 48 Simon Brooker 49 Peter Brooks 50 Traolach S Brugha 51 Claire Bryan-Hancock 52 Chiara Bucello 53 Rachelle Buchbinder 54 Geoffrey Buckle 55 Christine M Budke 56 Michael Burch 57 Peter Burney 58 Roy Burstein 59 Bianca Calabria 60 Benjamin Campbell 61 Charles E Canter 62 Hélène Carabin 63 Jonathan Carapetis 64 Loreto Carmona 65 Claudia Cella 66 Fiona Charlson 67 Honglei Chen 68 Andrew Tai-Ann Cheng 69 David Chou 70 Sumeet S Chugh 71 Luc E Coffeng 72 Steven D Colan 73 Samantha Colquhoun 74 K Ellicott Colson 75 John Condon 76 Myles D Connor 77 Leslie T Cooper 78 Matthew Corriere 79 Monica Cortinovis 80 Karen Courville de Vaccaro 81 William Couser 82 Benjamin C Cowie 83 Michael H Criqui 84 Marita Cross 85 Kaustubh C Dabhadkar 86 Manu Dahiya 87 Nabila Dahodwala 88 James Damsere-Derry 89 Goodarz Danaei 90 Adrian Davis 91 Diego De Leo 92 Louisa Degenhardt 93 Robert Dellavalle 94 Allyne Delossantos 95 Julie Denenberg 96 Sarah Derrett 97 Don C Des Jarlais 98 Samath D Dharmaratne 99 Mukesh Dherani 100 Cesar Diaz-Torne 101 Helen Dolk 102 E Ray Dorsey 103 Tim Driscoll 104 Herbert Duber 105 Beth Ebel 106 Karen Edmond 107 Alexis Elbaz 108 Suad Eltahir Ali 109 Holly Erskine 110 Patricia J Erwin 111 Patricia Espindola 112 Stalin E Ewoigbokhan 113 Farshad Farzadfar 114 Valery Feigin 115 David T Felson 116 Alize Ferrari 117 Cleusa P Ferri 118 Eric M Fèvre 119 Mariel M Finucane 120 Seth Flaxman 121 Louise Flood 122 Kyle Foreman 123 Mohammad H Forouzanfar 124 Francis Gerry R Fowkes 125 Richard Franklin 126 Marlene Fransen 127 Michael K Freeman 128 Belinda Gabbe 0000-0001-7096-7688 129 Sherine E Gabriel 130 Emmanuela Gakidou 131 Hammad A Ganatra 132 Bianca Garcia 133 Flavio Gaspari 134 Richard F Gillum 135 Gerhard Gmel 136 Richard Gosselin 137 Rebecca Grainger 138 Justina Groeger 139 Francis Guillemin 140 David Gunnell 141 Ramyani Gupta 142 Juanita Haagsma 143 Holly Hagan 144 Yara A Halasa 145 Wayne Hall 146 Diana Haring 147 Josep Maria Haro 148 James E Harrison 149 Rasmus Havmoeller 150 Roderick J Hay 151 Hideki Higashi 152 Catherine Hill 153 Bruno Hoen 154 Howard Hoffman 155 Peter J Hotez 156 Damian Hoy 157 John J Huang 158 Sydney E Ibeanusi 159 Kathryn H Jacobsen 160 Spencer L James 161 Deborah Jarvis 162 Rashmi Jasrasaria 163 Sudha Jayaraman 164 Nicole Johns 165 Jost B Jonas 166 Ganesan Karthikeyan 167 Nicholas Kassebaum 168 Norito Kawakami 169 Andre Keren 170 Jon-Paul Khoo 171 Charles H King 172 Lisa Marie Knowlton 173 Olive Kobusingye 174 Adofo Koranteng 175 Rita Krishnamurthi 176 Ratilal Lalloo 177 Laura L Laslett 178 Tim Lathlean 179 Janet L Leasher 180 Yong Yi Lee 181 James Leigh 182 Stephen S Lim 183 Elizabeth Limb 184 John Kent Lin 185 Michael Lipnick 186 Steven E Lipshultz 187 Wei Liu 188 Maria Loane 189 Summer Lockett Ohno 190 Ronan Lyons 0000-0001-5225-000X 191 Ma Jixiang 192 Jacqueline Mabweijano 193 Michael F MacIntyre 194 Reza Malekzadeh 195 Leslie Mallinger 196 Sivabalan Manivannan 197 Wagner Marcenes 198 Lyn March 199 David J Margolis 200 Guy B Marks 201 Robin Marks 202 Akira Matsumori 203 Richard Matzopoulos 204 Bongani M Mayosi 205 John H McAnulty 206 Mary M McDermott 207 Neil McGill 208 John McGrath 209 Maria Elena Medina-Mora 210 Michele Meltzer 211 George A Mensah 212 Tony R Merriman 213 Ana-Claire Meyer 214 Valeria Miglioli 215 Matthew Miller 216 Ted R Miller 217 Philip B Mitchell 218 Ana Olga Mocumbi 219 Terrie E Moffitt 220 Ali A Mokdad 221 Lorenzo Monasta 222 Marcella Montico 223 Maziar Moradi-Lakeh 224 Andrew Moran 225 Lidia Morawska 226 Rintaro Mori 227 Michele E Murdoch 228 Michael K Mwaniki 229 Kovin Naidoo 230 M Nathan Nair 231 Luigi Naldi 232 KM Venkat Narayan 233 Paul K Nelson 234 Robert G Nelson 235 Michael C Nevitt 236 Charles R Newton 237 Sandra Nolte 238 Paul Norman 239 Rosana Norman 240 Martin O'Donnell 241 Simon O'Hanlon 242 Casey Olives 243 Saad B Omer 244 Katrina Ortblad 245 Richard Osborne 246 Doruk Ozgediz 247 Andrew Page 248 Bishnu Pahari 249 Jeyaraj Durai Pandian 250 Andrea Panozo Rivero 251 Scott B Patten 252 Neil Pearce 253 Rogelio Perez Padilla 254 Fernando Perez-Ruiz 255 Norberto Perico 256 Konrad Pesudovs 257 David Phillips 258 Michael R Phillips 259 Kelsey Pierce 260 Sébastien Pion 261 Guilherme V Polanczyk 262 Suzanne Polinder 263 C Arden Pope 264 Svetlana Popova 265 Esteban Porrini 266 Farshad Pourmalek 267 Martin Prince 268 Rachel L Pullan 269 Kapa D Ramaiah 270 Dharani Ranganathan 271 Homie Razavi 272 Mathilda Regan 273 Jürgen T Rehm 274 David B Rein 275 Guiseppe Remuzzi 276 Kathryn Richardson 277 Frederick P Rivara 278 Thomas Roberts 279 Carolyn Robinson 280 Felipe Rodriguez De Leòn 281 Luca Ronfani 282 Robin Room 283 Lisa C Rosenfeld 284 Lesley Rushton 285 Ralph L Sacco 286 Sukanta Saha 287 Uchechukwu Sampson 288 Lidia Sanchez-Riera 289 Ella Sanman 290 David C Schwebel 291 James Graham Scott 292 Maria Segui-Gomez 293 Saeid Shahraz 294 Donald S Shepard 295 Hwashin Shin 296 Rupak Shivakoti 297 David Singh 298 Gitanjali M Singh 299 Jasvinder A Singh 300 Jessica Singleton 301 David A Sleet 302 Karen Sliwa 303 Emma Smith 304 Jennifer L Smith 305 Nicolas JC Stapelberg 306 Andrew Steer 307 Timothy Steiner 308 Wilma A Stolk 309 Lars Jacob Stovner 310 Christopher Sudfeld 311 Sana Syed 312 Giorgio Tamburlini 313 Mohammad Tavakkoli 314 Hugh R Taylor 315 Jennifer A Taylor 316 William J Taylor 317 Bernadette Thomas 318 W Murray Thomson 319 George D Thurston 320 Imad M Tleyjeh 321 Marcello Tonelli 322 Jeffrey A Towbin 323 Thomas Truelsen 324 Miltiadis K Tsilimbaris 325 Clotilde Ubeda 326 Eduardo A Undurraga 327 Marieke J van der Werf 328 Os Jim van 329 Monica S Vavilala 330 N Venketasubramanian 331 Mengru Wang 332 Wenzhi Wang 333 Kerrianne Watt 334 David J Weatherall 335 Martin A Weinstock 336 Robert Weintraub 337 Marc G Weisskopf 338 Myrna M Weissman 339 Richard A White 340 Harvey Whiteford 341 Steven T Wiersma 342 James D Wilkinson 343 Hywel C Williams 344 Sean RM Williams 345 Emma Witt 346 Frederick Wolfe 347 Anthony D Woolf 348 Sarah Wulf 349 Pon-Hsiu Yeh 350 Anita KM Zaidi 351 Zhi-Jie Zheng 352 David Zonies 353 Alan D Lopez 354 Christopher JL Murray 355
title Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
spellingShingle Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
Belinda Gabbe
Ronan Lyons
title_short Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
title_full Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
title_fullStr Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
title_full_unstemmed Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
title_sort Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
author_id_str_mv 4bdcc94332b2bd10530c5e71ceb04f14
83efcf2a9dfcf8b55586999d3d152ac6
author_id_fullname_str_mv 4bdcc94332b2bd10530c5e71ceb04f14_***_Belinda Gabbe
83efcf2a9dfcf8b55586999d3d152ac6_***_Ronan Lyons
author Belinda Gabbe
Ronan Lyons
author2 Theo Vos
Abraham D Flaxman
Mohsen Naghavi
Rafael Lozano
Catherine Michaud
Majid Ezzati
Kenji Shibuya
Joshua A Salomon
Safa Abdalla
Victor Aboyans
Jerry Abraham
Ilana Ackerman
Rakesh Aggarwal
Stephanie Y Ahn
Mohammed K Ali
Miriam Alvarado
H Ross Anderson
Laurie M Anderson
Kathryn G Andrews
Charles Atkinson
Larry M Baddour
Adil N Bahalim
Suzanne Barker-Collo
Lope H Barrero
David H Bartels
Maria-Gloria Basáñez
Amanda Baxter
Michelle L Bell
Emelia J Benjamin
Derrick Bennett
Eduardo Bernabé
Kavi Bhalla
Bishal Bhandari
Boris Bikbov
Aref Bin Abdulhak
Gretchen Birbeck
James A Black
Hannah Blencowe
Jed D Blore
Fiona Blyth
Ian Bolliger
Audrey Bonaventure
Soufiane Boufous
Rupert Bourne
Michel Boussinesq
Tasanee Braithwaite
Carol Brayne
Lisa Bridgett
Simon Brooker
Peter Brooks
Traolach S Brugha
Claire Bryan-Hancock
Chiara Bucello
Rachelle Buchbinder
Geoffrey Buckle
Christine M Budke
Michael Burch
Peter Burney
Roy Burstein
Bianca Calabria
Benjamin Campbell
Charles E Canter
Hélène Carabin
Jonathan Carapetis
Loreto Carmona
Claudia Cella
Fiona Charlson
Honglei Chen
Andrew Tai-Ann Cheng
David Chou
Sumeet S Chugh
Luc E Coffeng
Steven D Colan
Samantha Colquhoun
K Ellicott Colson
John Condon
Myles D Connor
Leslie T Cooper
Matthew Corriere
Monica Cortinovis
Karen Courville de Vaccaro
William Couser
Benjamin C Cowie
Michael H Criqui
Marita Cross
Kaustubh C Dabhadkar
Manu Dahiya
Nabila Dahodwala
James Damsere-Derry
Goodarz Danaei
Adrian Davis
Diego De Leo
Louisa Degenhardt
Robert Dellavalle
Allyne Delossantos
Julie Denenberg
Sarah Derrett
Don C Des Jarlais
Samath D Dharmaratne
Mukesh Dherani
Cesar Diaz-Torne
Helen Dolk
E Ray Dorsey
Tim Driscoll
Herbert Duber
Beth Ebel
Karen Edmond
Alexis Elbaz
Suad Eltahir Ali
Holly Erskine
Patricia J Erwin
Patricia Espindola
Stalin E Ewoigbokhan
Farshad Farzadfar
Valery Feigin
David T Felson
Alize Ferrari
Cleusa P Ferri
Eric M Fèvre
Mariel M Finucane
Seth Flaxman
Louise Flood
Kyle Foreman
Mohammad H Forouzanfar
Francis Gerry R Fowkes
Richard Franklin
Marlene Fransen
Michael K Freeman
Belinda Gabbe
Sherine E Gabriel
Emmanuela Gakidou
Hammad A Ganatra
Bianca Garcia
Flavio Gaspari
Richard F Gillum
Gerhard Gmel
Richard Gosselin
Rebecca Grainger
Justina Groeger
Francis Guillemin
David Gunnell
Ramyani Gupta
Juanita Haagsma
Holly Hagan
Yara A Halasa
Wayne Hall
Diana Haring
Josep Maria Haro
James E Harrison
Rasmus Havmoeller
Roderick J Hay
Hideki Higashi
Catherine Hill
Bruno Hoen
Howard Hoffman
Peter J Hotez
Damian Hoy
John J Huang
Sydney E Ibeanusi
Kathryn H Jacobsen
Spencer L James
Deborah Jarvis
Rashmi Jasrasaria
Sudha Jayaraman
Nicole Johns
Jost B Jonas
Ganesan Karthikeyan
Nicholas Kassebaum
Norito Kawakami
Andre Keren
Jon-Paul Khoo
Charles H King
Lisa Marie Knowlton
Olive Kobusingye
Adofo Koranteng
Rita Krishnamurthi
Ratilal Lalloo
Laura L Laslett
Tim Lathlean
Janet L Leasher
Yong Yi Lee
James Leigh
Stephen S Lim
Elizabeth Limb
John Kent Lin
Michael Lipnick
Steven E Lipshultz
Wei Liu
Maria Loane
Summer Lockett Ohno
Ronan Lyons
Ma Jixiang
Jacqueline Mabweijano
Michael F MacIntyre
Reza Malekzadeh
Leslie Mallinger
Sivabalan Manivannan
Wagner Marcenes
Lyn March
David J Margolis
Guy B Marks
Robin Marks
Akira Matsumori
Richard Matzopoulos
Bongani M Mayosi
John H McAnulty
Mary M McDermott
Neil McGill
John McGrath
Maria Elena Medina-Mora
Michele Meltzer
George A Mensah
Tony R Merriman
Ana-Claire Meyer
Valeria Miglioli
Matthew Miller
Ted R Miller
Philip B Mitchell
Ana Olga Mocumbi
Terrie E Moffitt
Ali A Mokdad
Lorenzo Monasta
Marcella Montico
Maziar Moradi-Lakeh
Andrew Moran
Lidia Morawska
Rintaro Mori
Michele E Murdoch
Michael K Mwaniki
Kovin Naidoo
M Nathan Nair
Luigi Naldi
KM Venkat Narayan
Paul K Nelson
Robert G Nelson
Michael C Nevitt
Charles R Newton
Sandra Nolte
Paul Norman
Rosana Norman
Martin O'Donnell
Simon O'Hanlon
Casey Olives
Saad B Omer
Katrina Ortblad
Richard Osborne
Doruk Ozgediz
Andrew Page
Bishnu Pahari
Jeyaraj Durai Pandian
Andrea Panozo Rivero
Scott B Patten
Neil Pearce
Rogelio Perez Padilla
Fernando Perez-Ruiz
Norberto Perico
Konrad Pesudovs
David Phillips
Michael R Phillips
Kelsey Pierce
Sébastien Pion
Guilherme V Polanczyk
Suzanne Polinder
C Arden Pope
Svetlana Popova
Esteban Porrini
Farshad Pourmalek
Martin Prince
Rachel L Pullan
Kapa D Ramaiah
Dharani Ranganathan
Homie Razavi
Mathilda Regan
Jürgen T Rehm
David B Rein
Guiseppe Remuzzi
Kathryn Richardson
Frederick P Rivara
Thomas Roberts
Carolyn Robinson
Felipe Rodriguez De Leòn
Luca Ronfani
Robin Room
Lisa C Rosenfeld
Lesley Rushton
Ralph L Sacco
Sukanta Saha
Uchechukwu Sampson
Lidia Sanchez-Riera
Ella Sanman
David C Schwebel
James Graham Scott
Maria Segui-Gomez
Saeid Shahraz
Donald S Shepard
Hwashin Shin
Rupak Shivakoti
David Singh
Gitanjali M Singh
Jasvinder A Singh
Jessica Singleton
David A Sleet
Karen Sliwa
Emma Smith
Jennifer L Smith
Nicolas JC Stapelberg
Andrew Steer
Timothy Steiner
Wilma A Stolk
Lars Jacob Stovner
Christopher Sudfeld
Sana Syed
Giorgio Tamburlini
Mohammad Tavakkoli
Hugh R Taylor
Jennifer A Taylor
William J Taylor
Bernadette Thomas
W Murray Thomson
George D Thurston
Imad M Tleyjeh
Marcello Tonelli
Jeffrey A Towbin
Thomas Truelsen
Miltiadis K Tsilimbaris
Clotilde Ubeda
Eduardo A Undurraga
Marieke J van der Werf
Os Jim van
Monica S Vavilala
N Venketasubramanian
Mengru Wang
Wenzhi Wang
Kerrianne Watt
David J Weatherall
Martin A Weinstock
Robert Weintraub
Marc G Weisskopf
Myrna M Weissman
Richard A White
Harvey Whiteford
Steven T Wiersma
James D Wilkinson
Hywel C Williams
Sean RM Williams
Emma Witt
Frederick Wolfe
Anthony D Woolf
Sarah Wulf
Pon-Hsiu Yeh
Anita KM Zaidi
Zhi-Jie Zheng
David Zonies
Alan D Lopez
Christopher JL Murray
format Journal article
container_title The Lancet
container_volume 380
container_issue 9859
container_start_page 2163
publishDate 2012
institution Swansea University
issn 0140-6736
doi_str_mv 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 0
active_str 0
description Background Non-fatal health outcomes from diseases and injuries are a crucial consideration in the promotion andmonitoring of individual and population health. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) studies done in 1990 and2000 have been the only studies to quantify non-fatal health outcomes across an exhaustive set of disorders at theglobal and regional level. Neither eff ort quantifi ed uncertainty in prevalence or years lived with disability (YLDs).Methods Of the 291 diseases and injuries in the GBD cause list, 289 cause disability. For 1160 sequelae of the289 diseases and injuries, we undertook a systematic analysis of prevalence, incidence, remission, duration, andexcess mortality. Sources included published studies, case notifi cation, population-based cancer registries, otherdisease registries, antenatal clinic serosurveillance, hospital discharge data, ambulatory care data, household surveys,other surveys, and cohort studies. For most sequelae, we used a Bayesian meta-regression method, DisMod-MR, designed to address key limitations in descriptive epidemiological data, including missing data, inconsistency, andlarge methodological variation between data sources. For some disorders, we used natural history models, geospatialmodels, back-calculation models (models calculating incidence from population mortality rates and case fatality), orregistration completeness models (models adjusting for incomplete registration with health-system access and othercovariates). Disability weights for 220 unique health states were used to capture the severity of health loss. YLDs bycause at age, sex, country, and year levels were adjusted for comorbidity with simulation methods. We includeduncertainty estimates at all stages of the analysis.Findings Global prevalence for all ages combined in 2010 across the 1160 sequelae ranged from fewer than one case per1 million people to 350 000 cases per 1 million people. Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly correlated(correlation coeffi cient –0·37). In 2010, there were 777 million YLDs from all causes, up from 583 million in 1990. Themain contributors to global YLDs were mental and behavioural disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and diabetes orendocrine diseases. The leading specifi c causes of YLDs were much the same in 2010 as they were in 1990: low backpain, major depressive disorder, iron-defi ciency anaemia, neck pain, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, anxietydisorders, migraine, diabetes, and falls. Age-specifi c prevalence of YLDs increased with age in all regions and hasdecreased slightly from 1990 to 2010. Regional patterns of the leading causes of YLDs were more similar comparedwith years of life lost due to premature mortality. Neglected tropical diseases, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, andanaemia were important causes of YLDs in sub-Saharan Africa.Interpretation Rates of YLDs per 100 000 people have remained largely constant over time but rise steadily with age.Population growth and ageing have increased YLD numbers and crude rates over the past two decades. Prevalencesof the most common causes of YLDs, such as mental and behavioural disorders and musculoskeletal disorders, havenot decreased. Health systems will need to address the needs of the rising numbers of individuals with a range ofdisorders that largely cause disability but not mortality. Quantifi cation of the burden of non-fatal health outcomes willbe crucial to understand how well health systems are responding to these challenges. Effective and affordablestrategies to deal with this rising burden are an urgent priority for health systems in most parts of the world.
published_date 2012-12-15T03:15:56Z
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score 11.037603

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